The world has three to four months to save millions of people in Yemen and
Somalia
from starvation, as war and drought wreck crops and block deliveries of food and medical care, the International Committee of the Red Cross said on Wednesday.
The aid agency still needs $300 million to bring emergency assistance to a total of five million people in Yemen,
Somalia
and northeast Nigeria as well as areas of South Sudan, where famine has already been declared.
"We have probably a window of three to four months to avoid a worst case scenario," Dominik Stillhart, the ICRC's director of operations worldwide, told a Geneva news briefing.
"We have kind of a perfect storm now where protracted conflict is overlapped or exacerbated by natural hazard, drought in particular, in the Horn of Africa which is leading to the situation we are facing now," he said.
More than 20 million people are facing famine in Yemen,
Somalia, South Sudan and northeast Nigeria, say aid agencies.
Cholera, which can be deadly for children, is on the rise in
Somalia, where drought is killing livestock and driving people to flee in search of water, said Bruce Orina, ICRC deputy regional director for Africa.
At least 300,000 malnourished children are trapped by fighting in northeast Nigeria.
"If we do not avert these water-borne related diseases then we are exposing these huge numbers of children to a likely scenario of death," Orina said.
The ICRC has received $100 million towards the $400 million needed for its operations in the four countries this year.
Significant needs
The United Nations has appealed for about $5.6 billion, bringing total funding needs to $6 billion, Stillhart said.
"There are significant needs and, of course, there are serious concerns in terms of having funding available sufficiently fast in order to avert what I said is large-scale starvation," he said.
The United States, whose average contribution finances about one-quarter of ICRC field operations, has yet to donate, he said, noting a top ICRC official was to speak about the famine to the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee on Wednesday.
"In 2011 the response was too slow and too late, leading to the starvation of 260,000 people inSomalia
alone," he warned.
Robert Mardini, ICRC regional director for the Middle East, said that an average of 20 people die each day from curable disease or war wounds in Yemen where less than half of health facilities still function.
"The children are going hungry... This conflict is pushing Yemen closer to famine day after day," he said.
An ICRC team on Tuesday reached Taiz, a city of 400,000 "on the verge of collapse", Mardini said. "Food is extremely scarce in the city and it's not affordable for the vast majority of people."