The government has allocated Sh13.6 billion to cash transfer programmes for the elderly, severely disabled and orphans.
President Uhuru Kenyatta said the funds cover all counties and are also for the Hunger Safety Net Programme in Turkana, Mandera, Marsabit and Wajir.
Speaking during the opening of the Social Protection Conference Week at the KICC on Tuesday, Uhuru said 521,000 families will benefit.
"Our young people, women and persons with disabilities face enormous challenges in finding the opportunities they need to participate in development. My government is committed to empowering them," Uhuru said.
"Forty six per cent of us live below the poverty line; and nineteen per cent in chronic poverty. This is wholly unacceptable. There is little dignity for the destitute. We must take care of them."
Uhuru asked the National Hospital Insurance fund to work with the state to ensure that at least 25 million Kenyans have health insurance by the end of the year.
"Plans are on course to provide health insurance cover to 189,717 older persons and persons with severe disabilities," he said.
Uhuru launched biometric registration for the beneficiaries, and reiterated the consolidation of all cash transfer programmes for accountability.
He added that the government's allocations to the social protection initiative will continue to increase.
The conference was organised by the Labour ministry.
It's first edition takes place on the final year of achieving Millennium Development Goals.
The Central Organization of Trade Unions however said that it was not involved despite being the main contributor to the National Social Security Fund.
"Where are we headed as a country when a whole ministry that should embrace tripartism proceeds to ignore the very tenets and decides to bring on board non-social partners?
"The CS should exhibit openness, accountability and transparency in his duties and deeds, not serving some rather selfish interests somewhere in the wilderness," Cotu secretary general Francis Atwoli said.