Emissions from Kenya’s grid spike despite climate targets — report

The Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority has recorded a sharp rise in carbon dioxide emissions in the country despite recent efforts to promote sustainability.

According to the Biannual Energy and Petroleum Statistics report by EPRA, emissions from grid electricity rose by 27 per cent in the second half of 2025.

The grid emission factor, a key measure showing the average carbon intensity of electricity supplied by a power grid, rose by 17.56 per cent.

According to EPRA, a rise in the use of fossil fuels in energy production was the reason behind the rise in CO₂ emissions.

"This increase is primarily attributed to a 24.27 per cent rise in grid thermal generation during the review period," EPRA noted.

The report contrasted Kenya's target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 35 per cent by 2035 to align with international climate goals.

The authority noted that the country, through the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement, would have to reduce 75 million metric tons of greenhouse gases from entering the atmosphere.

"The NDCs cover the energy sector, industrial processes and product use, agriculture, land use and forestry, and waste management," EPRA said.

According to Kenya’s Second NDC, which was submitted in 2025, the mitigation target against emissions is designed to lead to emission reductions across all sectors without compromising socioeconomic development.

"Priority mitigation actions will be achieved through policies, programs, and measures, with additional emission reductions being realised through carbon markets," the NDC noted.

"As part of the mitigation approach, Kenya will leverage carbon markets to attract investment and enhance its mitigation ambition."

EPRA said the NDC would address key greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.

According to the authority, Kenya is expected to fully adopt and rely on renewable energy by 2035.

"To achieve this target, Kenya aims to achieve 100% renewable energy generation by 2035 and promote the adoption of clean and efficient energy use across the transport, agriculture, and domestic sectors," EPRA added.