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EXPLAINER: Exploring Tsavo East: Where Kenya's dust-red giants still roam free

This is Tsavo East, one of Kenya’s oldest and largest national parks, a wild theatre where nature takes center stage.

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by SHARON MWENDE

News02 September 2025 - 09:30
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In Summary


  • It is the elephants that define Tsavo East. Bathing and rolling in the ochre-red soils, they create one of the park’s most iconic images.
  • Along the Galana River, the giants gather to spray, wallow and play, embodying the park’s reputation as “elephants in Eden.”
A herd of elephants at Tsavo East National Park/KWS

In the heart of Taita Taveta, the ground trembles as herds of elephants, glowing a deep shade of rust-red from dust baths, march slowly across the savannah.

This is Tsavo East, one of Kenya’s oldest and largest national parks, a wild theatre where nature takes center stage.

Spread over 13,700 square kilometers, the park covers almost 40 percent of all national park land in Kenya.

The Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) describes it as “a theatre of the wild,” a fitting name for a place where life unfolds in its rawest form.

The park’s rugged beauty is framed by dramatic landmarks.

The Yatta Plateau, the world’s longest lava flow, stretches endlessly, while the Galana River winds through semi-arid bushlands, feeding hippos, crocodiles and palm-lined oases that break the monotony of the dry landscape.

But it is the elephants that define Tsavo East. Bathing and rolling in the ochre-red soils, they create one of the park’s most iconic images.

Along the Galana River, the giants gather to spray, wallow and play, embodying the park’s reputation as “elephants in Eden.”

KWS notes that Tsavo East is home to some of the largest elephant herds in the country.

Yet they share the stage with other big game; lions, leopards, rhinos, buffalo, hyenas and rare species such as the hirola antelope and the long-necked gerenuk.

For bird lovers, the park is a paradise boasting about 500 species, many of them migratory.

Visitors are often drawn not just by the wildlife but also by Tsavo’s natural wonders.

Aruba Dam, located along the Voi River, is a magnet for herds in the dry season and a favorite spot for game viewing.

Mudanda Rock, a 1.5-kilometer whale-back outcrop, towers above a waterhole where elephants congregate, evoking comparisons to Australia’s Uluru — though on a smaller scale.

Then there are Lugard’s Falls, where the Galana River squeezes through eroded rocks before plunging into foaming rapids, feeding crocodile-infested pools below.

Formed of the Galana River’s passage over volcanic rock, Lugard falls is situated south-east of Tsavo’s national parks.

The water’s passage through the unbending, volcanic rock has shaped it into a series of flattened ledges.

The drop following has created a gorge that adds an echoing effect to the cascading water.

It is a popular sight that can be reached by hiking trails and, as most waterfalls do, the sight of it evokes thoughts of time’s passage and the smallness of human lives.

The sound of rushing water echoes through the park, a reminder that even in this semi-arid wilderness, nature carves its own rhythms.

For tourists, Tsavo East offers more than safari drives.

From camping and hiking to birdwatching and photography, the park’s menu of activities appeals to adventurers and families alike.

Its proximity to Voi town and the Kenyan coast makes it one of the most accessible safari destinations for both local and international visitors.

But Tsavo East is more than a tourist gem.

To conservationists, it is a biodiversity stronghold.

Protecting vast landscapes and species, the park is central to the country’s efforts to safeguard its wildlife heritage while supporting communities that rely on tourism.

As KWS puts it, Tsavo East remains “a spectacular voyage of discovery.”

And for anyone who has stood at the foot of Mudanda Rock watching elephants drink at sunset, or listened to the low rumble of lions as night falls, it is easy to see why this park remains one of the crown jewels of Kenya’s wild spaces.

If you are planning on visiting the park, remember to carry with you the essentials including drinking water, picnic items and camping equipment if you intend to stay overnight.

Also important are; camera, binoculars, sunscreen, insect repellant, first aid kit, sunglasses and reserve car fuel if intending to be in the park longer, clean drinking water, food, camping equipment if intending to camp.

An elephant and zebras at a watering hole in Tsavo East National Park/KWS

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