As we keep ranting everyday about our mother continent, Africa, and our country, Kenya, it is impossible to reflect on the continent’s journey without remembering the historic Battle of Adwa of 1896, a defining moment not only for Ethiopia, but for the dignity and liberation of Africa as a whole. If you have been to the Adwa Museum in Ethiopia, as I got the privilege to recently, you get the feeling of those that came before us, our forefathers, the feeling of the spirit of liberation that all Africans of all ages keep yearning for.
But sometimes, it’s not all doom, we need to leave ranting aside and celebrate the victories that preceded our current generation and led to the freedoms that we enjoy now in Africa. Back in the day, at Adwa, Ethiopian forces defeated invading Italian troops, making Ethiopia the first African nation to successfully resist colonial conquest. The victory became a symbol of African resistance, pride and self-determination during a period when much of the continent was falling under colonial rule.
More than a century later, Africa’s journey from resistance to renewal tells a remarkable story of resilience, progress and possibility.
In education, the continent has made significant strides. Universities across Africa are increasingly producing world-class researchers, innovators and professionals. Countries such as Kenya, South Africa, Rwanda, Ghana and Egypt continue to expand access to higher education, technology and digital learning. Literacy rates have steadily improved compared to the colonial era when education was largely restricted and unequal. Today, millions of African youths are shaping global conversations in science, diplomacy, business and creative industries.
Infrastructure development has also transformed many African cities and economies. Modern highways, railways, ports and airports now connect regions that were once isolated. From the Standard Gauge Railway in Kenya to expanding road networks in West Africa and growing renewable energy investments across the continent, Africa is gradually building the foundations for trade, mobility and industrial growth. The African Continental Free Trade Area further represents a bold vision of economic integration and intra-African cooperation.
Technology and innovation are equally reshaping Africa’s future. Mobile banking innovations such as Kenya’s M-Pesa revolutionised financial inclusion and inspired global interest in African solutions. Young entrepreneurs are increasingly driving startups in fintech, agriculture, health and artificial intelligence, proving that Africa is not merely a consumer of innovation but also a producer of ideas.
Yet despite these gains, challenges remain. Youth unemployment, inequality, corruption, debt burdens and political instability continue to slow progress in many countries. Climate change also poses serious threats to food security and livelihoods.
Still, Africa’s story is no longer defined solely by struggle. From the spirit of Adwa to today’s push for development, democracy and innovation, the continent has demonstrated an enduring determination to rise. Africa’s future will depend on investing in its greatest resource, its people, especially the youth, while strengthening institutions that promote unity, accountability and inclusive growth.
Adwa is a must visit for any African or anyone interested in the history of African democracy and liberation. Just like Adwa, the journey continues, but Africa has undeniably come far.
