In an era where information flows seamlessly across borders, the importance of countering hate speech and information disorders while protecting freedom of expression cannot be overstated.
As the world observes the International Day Against Countering Hate Speech on June 18th, it becomes imperative to delve into the significance of this issue, particularly within the context of Kenya, Africa and the broader international community.
First and foremost the conversation on countering hate speech and misinformation disorders should not supersede the right to freedom of expression. For Example in Kenya the limitation to to freedom of expression as provided for under Article 33 of the constitution should only come in as measures in cases where there is violation of freedom of expression.
In the recent past and with rising cases of hate speech and information disorder, organisations have put in place initiatives to counter hate speech while promoting freedom of speech.
The #Missingvoices campaign by Article 19, Social Media for Peace by UNESCO, #NoToHate campaign by the UN, and Fumbua by Baraza Media Lab are some of these initiatives.
Additionally, there have been efforts at the corridors of court to promote freedom of speech while countering the effect hate speech. Taamhen & Gonzalez cases in the US and META cases in Kenya are some of the cases that seek to strike a balance between freedom of expression and its limitations.
Hate speech, fuelled by prejudice, ignorance, or political motives and poses a significant threat to social cohesion, democracy, and human rights. In the context of Kenya, the wounds from last year's election are still fresh.
The divisive rhetoric employed during that time not only inflamed tensions but also perpetuated online violence and deepened societal rifts. It is crucial to learn from these experiences and undertake concrete measures to counter hate speech effectively.
Hate speech, fuelled by prejudice, ignorance, or political motives, poses a significant threat to social cohesion, democracy, and human rights. In the context of Kenya, the wounds from last year's election are still fresh.
The divisive rhetoric employed during that time not only inflamed tensions but also perpetuated violence and deepened societal rifts. It is crucial to learn from these experiences and undertake concrete measures to counter hate speech effectively.
Recognising the gravity of the situation, the United Nations has taken proactive steps to address hate speech globally. The UN Secretary-General emphasised in his speech last year that hate speech "spreads like wildfire through social media, the Internet, and conspiracy theories," urging member states to prioritise countering hate speech through collaboration, education, and legislative measures.
In response to this call, the #NoToHateCampaign was launched. This is an initiative aimed at creating awareness, promoting tolerance, and fostering a culture of dialogue. By actively engaging civil society, media organisations, and educational institutions, this campaign strives to counter hate speech effectively and build social cohesion. Other similar initiatives have been launched at the national and regional levels.
Media, both traditional and digital, play a pivotal role in shaping public discourse. Responsible journalism, adherence to ethical standards, and fact-checking are indispensable in countering hate speech and information disorders.
Additionally, social media platforms have a crucial responsibility in preventing the spread of hate speech. Initiatives like Unesco's Social Media for Peace project aim to leverage social media's potential for dialogue and understanding while combating hate speech.
Africa has witnessed various instances of hate speech and information disorders. In countries like Nigeria, Ethiopia, and South Africa, hate speech has fuelled ethnic tensions and exacerbated conflicts. Similarly, misinformation campaigns surrounding elections in various African nations have threatened the democratic process and undermined public trust.
In Kenya, the effects of hate speech were painfully evident during the 2017 election. Polarising rhetoric and fake news circulated on social media platforms, contributing to violence and division. It is imperative for the government, civil society, and citizens to learn from these experiences, invest in media literacy programs, and promote responsible digital citizenship.
Protecting freedom of expression while countering hate speech and information disorders is a delicate balancing act that demands collective efforts.
The lessons learned from Kenya's recent election, coupled with the UN's strategy and plan of action on hate speech, provide a foundation for comprehensive measures. We must seize the opportunity to enhance media literacy, engage in dialogue, and build bridges of understanding within and across nations.
By embracing the #NoToHateCampaign and initiatives like the #MissingVoices campaign Social Media for Peace project (#SM4P), Kenya, Africa and the world can foster an environment where freedom of expression is protected, hate speech is countered, and information disorders are effectively addressed.
It is through collaboration, education, and responsible digital citizenship that we can create a society that values diversity, promotes tolerance, and upholds the principles of democracy and peace. Together, we can build a future where our voices are heard, and our shared humanity prevails over hatred and disinformation.
Senior programme officer at Article 19 Eastern Africa
