logo
ADVERTISEMENT

KARIJO and INDALO: Investing in youth today will determine Africa’s tomorrow

It is time for African economies to bolster investments in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

image
by EVALIN KARIJO

Coast15 July 2021 - 11:07
ADVERTISEMENT

In Summary


• While the youth, when meaningfully engaged and empowered, can play a critical role in the continent’s growth and transformation, they face a myriad of challenges

• Covid-19 lockdown measures have resulted in widespread job losses for millions of youth employed in Africa’s hardest hit sectors

TVET director Meshack Opwora during the commissioning of Sh130 million mechanical engineering equipment at the Kisumu National Polytechnic on May 9, 2018

Africa is at a tipping point. This is the only region in the world where the youth population is rapidly growing. More than 75 per cent of Africa’s population is under the age of 35, and by 2030, this population is expected to increase due to high fertility combined with a reducing child mortality rate.

While the youth, when meaningfully engaged and empowered, can play a critical role in the continent’s growth and transformation, they face a myriad of challenges ranging from high unemployment and economic disparities to poor health indicators, exclusion in decision-making, political instability and insecurity.

In addition, there are fears Covid-19 will create a lockdown generation of young people scarred by the impact of the pandemic, exacerbating an already worrying situation on a continent where an estimated 63 per cent of young workers lived in poverty in 2019.

Covid-19 lockdown measures have resulted in widespread job losses for millions of youth employed in Africa’s hardest hit sectors, including the informal sector where majority of them work, while widespread school closures have interrupted education and forced students to adapt to distance/online learning. For young people on the continent who are unable to connect to the internet, the pandemic has magnified the digital divide, putting Africa’s youth at increasing danger of never meeting their full potential.

The 2020 African Economic Outlook highlights that skills and education mismatches increase the likelihood of job changes, reduce job satisfaction, and affect wage salaries and labor productivity.

In Africa, inadequate skills development, glaring skills mismatches and unequal access to education continue to result in missed opportunities to unlock productivity and innovation among young people. No wonder one in five African youth is neither in education, employment nor training.

This is a distressing reality for a continent bursting with opportunity, which makes this year’s World Youth Skills Day theme, "Reimagining Youth Skills Post-Pandemic’’, very timely.

Rethinking our approach to education, skills matching and job placement in a rapidly evolving job market is critical to achieving sustainable development in Africa post-Covid-19.

If we do not actively seek to equip our youth with marketable skills then we must be prepared to deal with the consequences of a disenfranchised generation on a continent where 15 to 20 million young people are expected to join the workforce every year. Such consequences may include an increase in criminal activity, civil and political unrest, and brain drain as youth seek opportunities elsewhere.

In the recent past, there has been growing momentum among African governments, development partners and private sector actors to invest in young people through youth-led and youth-specific interventions that promote technical, vocational, education and training.

Despite these efforts, young people still find it difficult to access decent work and opportunities to apply acquired knowledge and skills, widening the social and economic isolation of a generation keen to lead and prosper but held back by present-day realities designed to favour an often-corrupt bureaucracy.

To drive real change, a renewed sense of urgency is needed. Focus and priorities must change. African governments need to address the challenges affecting job creation, such as weak education systems, an unfriendly business environment and over-reliance on low-productivity sectors like agriculture, which alone accounts for 50 per cent of total employment in sub-Saharan Africa.

It is time for African economies to bolster investments in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, and to develop regional cooperation in the field of TVET by improving quality and attractiveness of TVET pathways, especially for women and girls.

Concerted effort toward re-designing curricula is also needed, with emphasis on life-long learning and enterprise development to equip young people with skills to match present and future jobs, as well as enable them to start their own enterprises.

To support this, African governments must hasten the pace of digitisation through provision of high-speed internet and electricity to close the digital gap, which will allow African youth to be at the centre of technological innovations globally and enable them to pursue digital entrepreneurial activities such as e-commerce.

Additionally, it is critical that we diversify into promising sectors such as agro-industry, transport and technology-enabled services like mobile tech, artificial intelligence and robotics.

As such, accompanying policies that support small- and medium-sized enterprises are critical, as are policies to make financing more accessible, policies to allow for better regional integration in trade, and policies governing the provision of social protection.

All these interventions – if developed and delivered in consultation with the youth – have the capacity to mitigate the socioeconomic effects of Covid-19 and generate inclusive growth and development, especially for the most vulnerable.

Investing in youth today will determine Africa’s tomorrow. As we pay tribute to the resilience and creativity the youth have displayed through this Covid-19 crisis, let us not forget that education and skills development are the largest assets for their future success. We must establish infrastructure, programmes and policies that will create opportunities to allow them to participate in the response and recovery post-Covid-19.

We owe it to Africa’s youth to do more than give them tokenistic opportunities to speak and be seen: we need to meaningfully engage and empower them to shape and actively contribute to the Africa we want, making sure that we leave none of them behind.

Evalin Karijo is the director, Youth & Adolescent Hub (Global), Amref Health Africa and Dorcus Indalo, Kenya Country Co-ordinator, Power to Youth Project, Amref Health Africa

ADVERTISEMENT