In a surprise move, Francois Hollande has announced he will not seek a second term as president of France.
"I've decided not to be a candidate to renew my mandate," the Socialist leader said in a live televised address.
The 62-year-old, faced with very low popularity ratings, has become the first sitting president in modern French history not to seek re-election.
Conservative Republicans party candidate Francois Fillon is seen as a favourite in next year's election.
Recent opinion polls suggest far-right contender Marine Le Pen from the National Front could be Fillon's closest challenger.
'Aware of risks'
"In the months to come, my only duty will be to continue to lead my country," Hollande said on Thursday.
"The world, Europe, France have faced particularly serious challenges during my mandate. In these particularly challenging circumstances I wanted to maintain national cohesion," he said.
He was referring to deadly terrorist attacks in Nice last July and Paris in November 2015, as well as the shootings at the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo several months before that.
Hollande added that he was aware of the risks of running and warned of the threat from the National Front.
One of the first reactions came from a former economy minister, Emmanuel Macron, who said the president had made a "courageous decision". He is himself standing for president as an independent centrist, having resigned from the government a few months ago.
But Hollande's decision not to stand now opens up the Socialist party contest in January. Prime Minister Manuel Valls is likely to be favourite to win the candidacy, having said last weekend he was ready to run.
Valls described Hollande's decision not to run as "the choice of a statesman".
Last weekend, more than four million French voters chose Fillon, a former prime minister, to represent the Republicans in the two-stage presidential election in April and May next year.
Opinion polls suggest he would win the first round in April, ahead of Marine Le Pen. If Valls were the Socialist candidate he would be placed third. Mr Fillon would then go on to win the run-off.
During his term in office, he devoted all his energy to cutting unemployment, and it had begun to fall but far later than he had hoped.
Since January 2015, Hollande's presidency has been overshadowed by jihadist terror attacks. France has been under a state of emergency amid fears of further attack.
French media stunned by Hollande "bombshell"
Several French media outlets point out that this is the first time in modern French history that a sitting president has decided not to seek a second term in office.
After the suspense that attended the run-up to Hollande's announcement, his decision is seen by many papers - such as Le Parisien - as "a bombshell".
The Catholic paper La Croix calls his decision "unprecedented", adding that "although, of course, in theory it was conceivable that an outgoing president might not stand again, it was not that likely".
L'Observateur notes that the only other president who failed to seek a second mandate was Georges Pompidou, but that was on account of his death.
"Hollande, on the other hand, must resign himself to a political death," the newspaper concludes.