Back and neck pain leads the global disability burden, reflecting how musculoskeletal issues silently shape daily life across populations.
Mental health conditions follow closely, with depressive and anxiety disorders ranking second and fifth, respectively—underscoring the growing recognition of emotional well-being in global health discourse.
Headache disorders and other musculoskeletal problems also feature prominently, showing how chronic, non-fatal conditions can deeply affect quality of life.
Diabetes, iron-deficiency anaemia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease highlight the intersection of lifestyle, nutrition, and respiratory health in long-term disability.
Age-related hearing loss and injuries round out the top ten, pointing to the impact of ageing and trauma.
Together, these conditions account for millions of years lived with disability (YLD), shaping public health priorities and resource allocation.
The data reveals a shift from mortality-focused metrics to lived experience, emphasizing the need for inclusive care strategies that address both physical and mental health across all age groups.
