The World Health Organization (WHO) has reiterated that there is no conclusive scientific evidence confirming any link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) during pregnancy.
In a statement issued on 24 September 2025, WHO said autism remains a complex neurodevelopmental condition with multiple contributing factors, including genetic predisposition and environmental influences, but no single cause has been identified.
“Extensive research has been undertaken over the past decade, including large-scale studies, looking into links between acetaminophen use during pregnancy and autism. At this time, no consistent association has been established,” WHO stated.
Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person communicates, interacts with others, and experiences the world.
It is described as a “spectrum” because symptoms and their intensity can vary widely from one person to another.
Globally, nearly 62 million people — about 1 in 127 — are estimated to live with ASD. While awareness and diagnosis have improved in recent years, the WHO noted, the condition’s causes remain poorly understood and are likely influenced by a combination of biological and environmental factors.
The health agency advised expectant mothers to continue following medical advice when using medication.
“Any medicine should be used with caution during pregnancy, especially in the first three months, and in line with advice from health professionals,” WHO emphasized.
Vaccines and autism
WHO also reaffirmed that childhood vaccines do not cause autism, pointing to a robust body of evidence accumulated over decades.
“Large, high-quality studies from many countries have all reached the same conclusion. Original studies suggesting a link were flawed and have been discredited,” the organization said.
Independent experts advising WHO since 1999 have consistently confirmed that vaccines, including those containing thiomersal or aluminum, are safe and do not cause autism or other developmental disorders.
WHO stressed that childhood immunization schedules, developed through rigorous scientific review and adopted by all countries, have saved at least 154 million lives over the past 50 years. The schedules now protect children, adolescents, and adults from 30 infectious diseases.
“Every vaccine recommendation by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) is grounded in rigorous review of evidence and designed to offer the best protection against serious diseases,” the agency added.
WHO warned that delaying or disrupting immunization exposes children and communities to higher infection risks, particularly infants too young to be vaccinated and people with weakened immune systems.
Autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders will be a priority topic at the 4th UN High-Level Meeting on Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health scheduled for Thursday, 25 September.
WHO said it remains committed to working with autistic-led organizations and advocacy groups to advance research, improve services, and combat stigma.
“As a global community, we need to do more to understand the causes of autism and how best to care for and support the needs of autistic people and their families,” the statement concluded.
